Video shows chemical refrigerant burns and produces toxic gases
Brussels, 27 October 2008: A recent video documentary by German experts clearly shows that the chemical
refrigerant 1234yf, proposed for next generation car air conditioning, burns in case of an accident and
releases highly toxic gases as a result. This puts in danger the lives of passengers and rescue personnel.
Yet, most car manufacturers worldwide are still failing to issue a clear commitment to move away from
chemicals and implement a safer, more environmentally friendly natural alternative.
"Car manufacturers have been dragging their feet regarding the air conditioning issue for too long,
focusing only on short-term costs. There is overwhelming evidence that chemicals are not the way to go,
given the huge amount of risks they represent for our planet and people. Especially when a more
environmentally friendly, more efficient and safer solution exists, namely CO2", says Wolfgang
Lohbeck, Head of special projects at Greenpeace.
Research by the German NGO Deutsche Umwelthilfe (DUH), presented on 23 October in Berlin, shows once again
that the chemical 1234yf, proposed by DuPont and Honeywell, presents significant safety and environmental
risks. In case of an accident, this chemical can lead to a fire in the engine compartment and put passengers
at risk. The refrigerant also decomposes into highly toxic gases when burning, such as hydrogen fluoride,
which puts rescue personnel in danger. 1234yf is the sixth chemical refrigerant proposed since 2006, all
other 5 having already been rejected by the industry due to different concerns.
Industry position
A majority of German car manufacturers, within the frame of the industry association VDA, confirmed for a
second time on 20 October 2008 their commitment to develop the natural refrigerant CO2, as well as an end
to tests on 1234yf. However, when asked by the German Press Agency, at least two members of the association,
namely Opel and Ford, confirmed that they are still working with this chemical. Volkswagen/ Porsche, for its
part, confirmed that it has ruled out 1234yf but that it is "still seeking other alternatives". Other German
manufacturers refused to comment on the issue. Beyond the frame of the VDA, no announcements have been made
by any car manufacturer in France, Italy, US or Japan.
"The longer the industry waits, the bigger the shock for the planet. Up to 3% of greenhouse gas emissions are at stake.
We have some positive signs, but what we really need is a clear commitment once and for all for a global transition to
natural refrigerants" Lohbeck concludes.
Background
Worth $14.5 billion, the battle for the car air-conditioning market emanates from the decision by the EU to phase out t
he current refrigerant HFC-134a from 2011. As car manufacturers typically need 3 years to develop the necessary platforms,
a decision on the next generation refrigerant is urgently needed.
The Alliance for CO2 Solutions is a grouping of organisations that support the use of CO2 Technology
in car air conditioning. Its supporters include Greenpeace, Deutsche Umwelthilfe, Ixetic, Konvekta, SINTEF and Shecco.
More information
Video documentary by DUH - Flammability testing of 1234yf (in German, running time: 8 min 06 sec)
Background: Moderated by transport expert, Dr. Axel Friedrich, this video documentary refers to the investigation
by DUH of 1234yf compared to the currently used R134a, at normal driving conditions when the engine of a mid-sized
standard car reaches certain temperature. An accident or small collision is simulated, resulting in the rupture of a
hose in the system. The refrigerant then escapes and enters into contact with the engine. While nothing happens in
the case of R134a, when 1234yf is tested, the refrigerant ignites immediately, leading to a fire in the engine
compartment. If the fire is not stopped, it extends and can reach the passenger cabin. Highly toxic gases result
from the refrigerant burning.
